Machine for the formation of coverings on streets, roads, and other places.



a E 1. a E 9 M 1 M w. 2n RD S R 1 e 2 RV R H s, ma a E Wm\ P C d 3 n. w w W 5 m n 7 m J J a z P J. B. BEHMER. W i H MACHINE FOR THE FORMATION OF GOVERINGS 0N sTREETs, ROADS, AND OTHER PLACES.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.12, 1006.

J. E. BEHMER. MACHINE FOR THE FORMATION OF GOVERINGS 0N STREETS, ROADS, AND OTHER PLACES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909 ROADS, AND OTHER PLACES.

APPLIOATIONIILED DEC; 12, 1906.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

f/ s/W WWW UNITED STATES PATENT onrron.

JOHN EMIL BEHMER, OF ESKILSTUNA, SWEDEN.

MACHINE FOR TIE FORMATION OF COVERINGS ON STREETS, ROADS, AND QTHER PLACES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

Application filed December 12, 1906. Serial N 0. 347,464.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN EMIL BEHMER, a subject of the King of Sweden, and resident of Rademachergatan 36, Eskilstuna, in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for the Formation of Coverings on Streets, Roads, and other Places, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to a machine for the formation of a covering on streets, roads and other places according to a new method, consisting in spreading over the surface, which is to be covered, a kind of coarse mortar, composed of small stones (broken or natural) and a'slowly flowing and somewhat sticky combining substance as for instance asphalt, asphalt-tar or the like worked with the stones until the Whole is of suitable consistence, the said mortar being then by forcible ramming or stamping forced together to a compact mass. Trials made have shown that covering made in this manner is very hard and durable due to the fact that it is insoluble in water and is tough and elastic. The said covering also has the advantage of binding the dust and deadening sounds. The ramming or stamping operation forms an important feature in the said covering system. The mixing of the stones and the combining substance is completed by the same in such manner, that the small stones are shivered and the pieces stick together owing to the combining substance and form a kind of close and tough mass, which becomes very hard.

My invention relates to a machine by means of which the said ramming or stamping operation can be effected rapidly and perfectly.

It consists of the combination of a roller, similar to the roller used for mac'adamizing, and a system of hammer like ramming organs, so mounted that, when the roller is moved forward or backward, the said ramming organs move in advance, forcing the mass together, the roller then removing small unevennesses, if any. Consequently, the work effected by the machine substantially differs from the rolling operation in ordinary macadamizing. Rolling, alone, would leave the mass almost in the same condition as a hen spread, as the stones are not shivered. And their sharp edges are not knocked off by the said 0 oration. Besides, rolling alone can not e used, when there is a sufiicient quantity of combining substance in the mass, for the reason that the mass, owing to the combining substance, will swell in front of the roller and is moved forwardin the shape of a wave, continuously increasing and thus be performed or ma ring the result unsatisfactory. with regard to uniform hardness and so on. Consequently, an important'condition for the covering getting uniform hardness is that the mass is not displaced or forced sidewise by the roller. This condition is fulfilled by the machine now in question. In the accom anying drawings Figure l is a, side view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a side 'view of a part of the machine on a greater scale, ant. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same part. Fig. 4. is an end view of the machine and Fig. 5 is a plan view of the same. Figs. 6 and 7 are details. Fig. 8 is, a side view and Fig. 9 is a plan view of a modified form of the machine. Fig. 10 is a detail of the said modification. Fig. 11 shows a modified detail.

The roller-machine, which is like a vehicle provided with a steam engine if steam is to be used as motive power. The said machine has two rear su porting wheels 1, 1 and two great fore whee s 2, 2, forming together the roller-cylinder of the machine, which rollercylinder is mounted in a rotatory fork 3 in the well known manner, so that the roilercylinder by means of chains or the like, (not shown in the drawings) connected with the fork can be turned sidewise forthe steering.

horizontal frame 5' is fixed to the rollermaohine or vehicle by means of cross-beams 4 and iron supports 43, said frame forming a support for the rammer mechanisms. The

said mechanisms are arranged in substan-- tially the same manner as the known machinehammers and provided with crank, lever and crank rod and are so many in number that, when the machine is'advanced, a surface is worked at a time in width corresponding to the width of the machine or substantially so. A set of rammer mechanisms is provided at the front end of the machine and a set at the rear end of same, a rammer mechanism being besides provided at each side of the machine.

'In Figs. 1 and '5 the front and rear setrespectively consists of seven rammer mechanisms reventing the work to with very broad supporting wheels, may be abreast, but any other suitable number may be used. Each hammer or rammer mechanism consists of the rammer or hammer body 6, the spring 7 comprising a plurality of curve shaped springs, to the connecting and 8 of which the body 6 is fixed, the lever 9, an arm or link 8 pivoted-to the saidlever and fixed to the spring 7, and the crank rod 10, acting upon the lever. All seven of the rammer mechanisms have a common bracket or frame 11,.in which a shaft 12 common to all the levers 9 and a crank shaft 13 common to fillOIfiJlkJOdS are journaled, said shaft 13 being so ported by a plurality of bearings situated etween the cranks and rotated by means of a belt by the elongated main shaft '15 of the machine, supported by special brackets. The belt driving the front set of rammer mechanisms is designated by 14 and the one belonging to the rear set by 14 The shaft 15, which is a crank shaft, is rotated by the steam e ine, the crank rods 16 of which are shown in ig. 5. The ramming bod is guided by the socket shaped art 17 of t e frame 11. The cranks of the s aft 13 may have the same direction, so that the ramming bodies are descended at thesame time, or, which is better, have different directions,so that the bodies 6 work alternately. The whole set of rammer mechanisms can be raised and lowered and moved sidewise. .For'that purpose the bracket 11 is mounted on an up er plate 18, extending longitudi- -nally to t e frame 5 and hinged to the same at its inner edge at 19. A shaft 20 is journaled' on the pate, at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the machine, and provided with worms 21 gearing with worm wheels 22 mounted on and engaging with screws 23, which are fixed in the bottom frame 5 and pass through the plate. Conse uently, when "the shaft 20 is rotated, the p ate with the whole series of rammer mechanisms will be pose. The said bracket 11 can be moved in a guide transversely to the plate 18 by a screw 23 for moving the rammer mechanisms sidewise. For the same purposethelbgiacket 11' may swing around a pivot or the e. sired be mounted directly'on the ame 5, which is then arranged insuch' manner that it can be raised or lowered. The frame 5 may be provided at its lower side with swingmg bearmg rollers, situated at the ends of the frame and, if desired, arranged in such The rammer mechanisms ma if .de-

ramming organ, shown onan enlarged scale in Figs. 2 and 3'. The crank rod is composed of two parts 26, 27, one slid into the other. The inner part. consists of a screw with which engages a worm-wheel 28, jou'rnaled inthe outer part,'said worm-wheel gearing with a worm 29 j ournaled on the art 26. The said worm is provided with pu eys and is connected by means of a crossed belt 30 and an open belt 31 with an auxiliary shaft 32, which is connected with the main shaft 15 by means of a belt and pulleys. The belts 30, 31 are so slack, that the crank can rotate without being hindered by the same; When the belt 30 or 31 is ti htened, the worm-wheel 28 will be rotate then elongated and shortened respectivel In this manner the ramming body can easi y be raised and lowered. For tightening the said belts tightening pulleys 33, 34 are provided, journaled on an arm 35, 36, respectively and connected with a drum 37 by a 1})ope 38, 39respectively one of the said ropes em tion and the other one in op osite direction.

Consequently, in rotatin t e drum in one direction the one belt is tightened, while the other is slack, and in rotating the drum in the o osite direction the belt last mcntione 1s tightened, while the belt first men tioned is left in a slack condition.

The machine is advanced by a suitable motion transmitting device provided between the shaft 15 and the shaft of the rear supporting'wheels. The said motion trans-' mlttin device, which may be ofthe same kind as in roller-machines hitherto known, is so adjusted in relation to the velocity of the ramming organs, which make about 300 blows in the minute, that the machine is" moved only a'very short distancefor each blow of the ramming organs. The machine is moved forward and backwardon the place to becovered. During the movement of the machine in one direction, forward, the front in one y direction or the other, the crank-rod being wound round the drum in one direcset 400i rammer mechanisms are actuated,

both sets may be actuated simultaneously,-

ifnecessary. The side rammer-mechanismsv 24, 25 are generally actuated, when the machine passes near one of the edges of the street, road etc., in which case the rammermechanism situated nearest to the said edge, is actuated, but the side 'rammer-mechanisms may be actuated whensoever forin- .pass, the inconvenience of the wheels sinkmg down in the mass, as in ordinary rolling, when the street etc. is being macadamize being thus wholly avoided. Moreover by the ramming operation the surface becomes dressed, so that no sharp rojections will remain on the same, and t e combining substance is caused by the action of the rammers reminding of kneading or working, to

form, together with the small, solid particles a. homogeneous mass, which is very hard and compact. Small unevennesses resulting.

from the ramming operation are removed'by the roller. The machine is moved over the same surface one time or many times, as is necessary in each case;-

The power source may be of any suitable kind. As for instance agas motor 'or the like may be substituted for the steam. engine. Electric power may also be used, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Each ramming organ of the set is driven by a small electric motor 42 which by means of toothed wheels or friction wheels 47, 46 rotates a shaft 43, provided with an eccentric 44,-acting upon the lever 9 by means of the rod 45. An or-. dinary crank'may be substituted for the' eccentric. The motors are connected with the dynamo 48 by means of, wires in such manner, that any one or any ones orall of them may be kept in motion, which is easily efiected b means of a switch-bcard 49, rovidedwitlia crank, push-buttons or the ike. If there is an electric power station near the place, the said motors'maybe supplied with current from the same throu' suitable wires. An electric motor may t on be used also for movi the machine. The support ing wheels an the roller-cylinder may, evidently, be arranged in several manners, the main point being that they are so wide that the remove all unevennesses.

'I he machine may be simplified in such manner, that it is provided w1th one or more ramming organs at its one end only. The ramming organs may, if necessary, be mounted in a' row longitudinally to the ma-v chine, as is the case with three ramming organs in the drawings, mounted behind each other at each'side of the machine. The

- raising and lowering ramming organs may be mounted also in a row extending in an oblique direction over the machine, or in a zigzag line or in any othermanner. If there is only one ramming organ or only two organs at the side of each other in the same place of the machine (at the end-of the same), the said or gans are-preferably so arranged, that they can be swung around a pivot, as stated above. The head of the ramming organ is then preferably made wider, so that nevertheless a comparatively great surface is Worked at the same time.

Evidently the term covering usedabove does not exclude the using of the machine for other purposes as for instance for picking u old coverings, ice etc., a ramming head of another suitable shape, as for instance of a poinited shape, shown in Fig. 11, being then use Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: 1.. In a machine for the ramming organs for ramming down the material, and a roller mounted ina frame rovided with supporting wheels, said ro er serving to smooth down the covering, with a vertically adjustable support mounted on said frame and carrying the ramming organs, and means for said support to the height desired.

2. In a machine for the the combination of a plurality of r organs for ramming down the material, and a roller mounted in a frame provided with supporting wheel s, said roller serving to smooth down the covering, with a vertically adjustable support mounted on said frame and carrying the ramming organs, and a screw mechanism for raising and lowering said support whereby the ramming organs may be simultaneously adjusted to the proper distance from the ground for the required blow. I j

3. In a machine for the purpose s ecified,

the combination of a roller locate at the front end of the machine, a set of ra 5 organs mounted in front of said roller and serving to smooth down the material, a vertically adjustable support 'for raising and lowering said ramming organs, ramming organs] located at the sides of the machine, with a lever, a crank rod acting upon said lever and composed? of two parts adjustable with relation to each other, and means for adjusting saiddparts to lengthen or shorten the crank r0 4. In a machine for the purpose s ecified, a rolling device supported by whee s, ramming heads supported by the frame ofsaid device and'acting upon the material, a lever and crank mechanism for actuating said heads, the crank rod of said mechanism being composed of two arts slidable withrelation to each other y means of a screw mechanism, two belts for actuating said mechanism in one direction or the other, and means for tightening the said belts alternately.

.5. In a machine for the purpose s ecified, a rolling device supported by whee s, ramming heads supported by the frame of said device and acting upon the material, a lever and crank mechanism for actuating said heads, the crank rod of said mechanism being composed of two arts slidable with relation to each other y means of a screw mechanism two belts for actuating said 15 mechanism in one direction or the other, tightening Eplleys for said belts, swinging arms on w "ch said pulleys are journaled supported by ropes, and a roller round which sa1 ropes are'wound in opposite directions. 20 In testimony whereof, have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribmg witnesses.

JOHN EMIL/BEHMER.

Witnesses:

CARL FIRBERG, ROBERT APELGREN. 

